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女巫审判
一四八四年法王伊诺肯狄华八世，开始发出禁止法术及咒术的勒令书，
从此之後，女巫审判於是展开。
基於女巫或妖术师等人应视为异端者而加以处刑此一主张，使用咒术的人，或者被怀疑与恶魔有牵扯的人，甚至有女巫嫌疑的人，都纷纷被捕，交付至法庭审问。
被怀疑者一旦否认自己是女巫，就遭受到残忍的拷问，根本没有规避女巫罪嫌的方法，可以说是无计可施，束手无策。
而且，据说一旦因审判而被认定是女巫，就会在众多人们的亲眼目睹下，藉由火炙之刑，活生生地被烧死。
一般认为，由於如此的「女巫猎杀行动」而被杀害的人数，仅只是十六、七世纪，便超过二十万人。
女巫的种类
女巫分三种.
第一种,以历史角度来看而所谓的女巫,也就是15世纪女巫猎杀时期遭受到迫害,被冠上女巫罪名的女人们,讲白一点就是假女巫. 在这些受害者当中,百分之九十以上并非真正的女巫,她们可能只是到家附近采个野花什麼的,或者运气差一点住家附近有人病了,这个女人就会莫名其妙地被冠上女巫施法害人的罪名.其迫害的手段十分惨烈.....最为人所知的就是火刑.
其实,这些女人并非真正的女巫,她们只是被"强迫"称为女巫.在那个知识愚昧未清的年代,她们无法证明自己的清白,而成为了历史的牺牲品.......
第二种, 传统的女巫.
传统的女巫,必须要加入女巫集会,也就是coven. coven有严格的阶级制,在
coven中,女巫们学习著各种知识. 举凡占星(天文),药草(医疗与魔法).....等.因为当时的欧洲,知识是处於混沌未开的情况.只有贵族和修道士(monk),有机会受教育.故这批掌握了知识力量而不愿随著世俗的愚卤沉沦的女人们,在常人的眼中是神秘而骇人,因为不知她们掌握了何种力量;在教会人士的眼中是大佞不道!因为女巫们并不信奉上帝.而在女巫并不信奉撒旦的情况下,教会竟强扣了女巫是撒旦信徒的大帽子.......这是有点可笑的,毕竟女巫们真正的归依是大地之母Mother of the nature,而非上帝或撒旦任何一个,上帝和撒旦是基督教的东西.
当然,在女巫信仰中占十分重要一部份的,是所谓的咒术(the magic of spell) . 咒术能否成真, 靠得是心灵力量(energy)的强弱.
第三种,现代女巫
现代女巫的信仰基础,毫无疑问是来自於传统女巫.但现代女巫不再受到
coven的控治.当然还是有钗hcoven的存在,但你也可以选择自行修行.而今日的coven也不再有什麼严格的阶级制了!
现代女巫一样延续传统,在药草,占星,咒术上要下很大的工夫,但在面
的知识也不可或缺.所以我们可以说,成为女巫的第一要件,是要有强烈的求知欲。 在生活作息上与常人并没有什麼太大的不同.如果真要讲,就是有著更丰富的想像力(imagination) ,因为咒术的力量,想像力也占了很重要的一部份.
目前世上有约莫2千万的wicca信徒.绝大部分分布在美国与欧洲.
1970年美国的女巫同盟递交政府的发文阐述了女巫的相关活动
1. We Practice Rites.
我们会举行仪式
We practice rites (small parts of rituals) and rituals (sacred ceremonies) to attune ourselves with the natural rhythm of life forces marked by the Moon phases and the seasonal quarters and cross-quarters.
通常我们会在月亮的各个阶段或者不同季节或者特殊的节气里举行我们的典礼（小部分作为仪式而存在）和真正的祭祀，借以协调我们自身与大自然能量的平和。
2. We recognize that our intelligence gives us a unique responsibility toward our environment.
我们认可自身的智慧赋予了我们肩负维护自身以外的环境的责任
We seek to live in total harmony and ecological balance with Nature, offering fulfillment to life and consciousness within an evolutionary concept. Because we are smarter than most animals we have a responsibility to take care of the plant and animal world. We believe that the world of humans, animals, and plants are all a part of divinity, and therefore interconnected.
我们追求最本质的自然状态的融洽与平和，并将这种责任在内心不断提升。因为我们比动物更聪明，我们有着保护自然界生灵的责任，我们相信这个世界是因为有了人类、动物、植物和神灵的相互关联而存在的
3. We acknowledge a depth of power far greater than is apparent to the average person.
我们相信每个人都有强大的能量蕴藏在体内
Because this is far greater than any ordinary power, we sometimes give this force the name "supernatural" However, we see this power as lying within that which is natural potential to everyone.
因为这种能力比我们任何所能感觉到的普通能力更强大，有时我们把这种力量叫做“超自然能力”，然而并非我们每个人都能发觉，直到潜藏的力量蒙着我们的双眼。
Wiccans believe that they are not separate from the divine, but part of the divine, and that all people, animals and plants are encompassed in divinity. We are in God/dess and God/dess is within us.
女巫相信自己是神的一部分，并且所有的生灵都环绕在神的身边，人类、动物还是植物。我们是神和女神密不可分的一部分。
4. We conceive of the Creative Power in the universe as manifesting through polarity -- as masculine and feminine -- and that his Creative Power lives in all people.
我们视觉化创造性的能量在万物的核心穿梭，就象阴阳两极，存在在我们每个人的体内
We hold that this power functions through the interaction of the masculine and feminine. We values neither above the other, knowing each to be supportive of the other. We values sexuality as pleasure, as the symbol and embodiment of life, however, we also believe that no one should be pushed into a sexual union and that safe sex should be practiced at all times.
我们掌握了男女交合中的能量方式支持对方，了解彼此，我们并不在意谁是主导。我们认为性行为是愉快的，是生命的象征和体现。。（有点像中国的房中术啊，听好的）不过，我们也相信没有人应该被归结为哪个性别群体，（支持同性恋，比较开放式啊）而且，任何时候安全的性行为是需要锻炼的。（从健康着想，没有什么不对啊）
5. We recognize both outer worlds and inner, or psychological, worlds.
我们认可外部世界和内心，或者心理，社会等
Inner worlds are sometimes known respectively as the Spiritual World, the Collective Unconscious, the Inner Planes, and so on.We see in the interaction of the outer and inner dimensions as the basis for paranormal phenomena (things that go bump in the night, ESP, clairaudience, clairvoyance, etc.and magickal exercises. We neglect neither dimension for the other, seeing both as necessary for our fulfillment. We do not run around like crazy people saying that we are cursed or that astral nasties are going to get us. We believe there is a scientific answer for all phenomena even if science hasn't discovered it yet, and we feel there is always a way to interact with the inner and outer world that does not bring harm to ourselves or to others.
内心世界有时候被分开的认为是精神世界，无意识的集合，内心的界面（心的着陆点）等等 我们把内外交感的维数？视为超常规的现象比如夜间星体的撞击、超自然感应、顺风耳、千里眼等等) 当然还包括魔法练习。 我们重视自己履行的事实重于道听途说我们不会想那些发疯的人所说的到处招摇撞骗、充满邪恶，那只会毁掉我们自己。 我们相信任何现象都会有一个科学的解释，哪怕可能到至今科学尚未发现他们，同时我们能感觉总会有一个合适的方法让我们的内心与外部世界的融洽而不伤害任何人和我们自己。
6. We do not recognize any authoritarian hierarchy.
我们并不认可任何独裁的阶层
Though we do honor those who teach, respect those who share their greater knowledge and wisdom, and acknowledge those who have courageously given of themselves in leadership.This means that we don't have a Witch-Pope. Our students are taught to honor their teachers. You will hear the word "Pagan Leader", but this term is used loosely.
尽管我们尊敬并以那些教授和让我们分享他们知识的智者为荣，同时也承认这些知识赋予了他们良好的领导能力。可我们并不需要女巫教皇，我们的学生被教育要求尊敬自己的老师，或者你会听见这种称呼“异教徒的领秀”但这只是一种尊敬，并不表示身份。
7. We see religion, magick, and wisdom-in-living as united in the way one views the world and lives within it.
我们会把宗教、魔法、生活的智慧当作一个整体来领会
This is our world view and philosophy of life, which we identify as WitchCraft. Wiccans feel that body, mind, and Spirit are all one.
这是我们的世界观和生活哲理，用来审视我们对魔法的判别力。女巫是应当能够感觉到身体、心和精神的一切的。
8. Calling oneself "Witch" does not make a Witch or a Wiccan.
把一个人称为女巫不是即定了成为的性别的，可以是男性或女性
But neither does heredity itself, nor the collecting of titles, degrees, and initiations. Just because you have a website or magickal screen name and call yourself a Witch doesn't mean you are oneA Witch seeks to control the forces within him/herself that make life possible to live wisely and well, without harm to others, and in harmony with nature. We work with the natural elements (earth, air, fire, water) and Spirit to manifest what we desire. This also means that if you get on the internet and say mean things about people, try to belittle others in a chat room, or act like a rude idiot, you are NOT a Witch, because real Witches, if they are following these principles, don't act that way. A Witch is defined how he or she lives, not by what they call themselves. Lying, cheating, violence, threatening, stealing, etc., are not the Wiccan Way.
但是两者本身并非存在形质上的遗传的没有选择的余地、程度、开始。 就是说因为你有一个法器或者魔法斗篷，别人就回把你成为魔法师一个真正的女巫不会借以伤害别人的方法去获取增强魔法的能量，而是通过与自然的融洽相处借以提升自己的力量。我们运用自然的元素（土、气、火、水）和精神来表现我们的要求。这同样的意思是，如果你在这里轻视别人，并且表现得象个粗鲁的傻瓜，你就不是一个真正的女巫，因为真正的女巫会遵循上面的那些原则，而不会那样无礼的对待别人。一个被定义为女巫身份的人，不是因为自己被称呼为女巫就是女巫的，这还要以他们的生活言行来评判，谎言、欺骗、暴力、偷盗，决不是做为女巫的行径。
9. We acknowledge the central role of the affirmation and fulfillment of life.
我们认同生命的重要，并履行对生命的尊重
We believe that it is this principle, as part of a continuation of evolution and development of consciousness, that gives a real meaning to the universe we know, and to our personal role within that Universe.
这是我们生活的一个准则，就象个人思想的延续与发展，那会让我们知道一个真实的宇宙内涵，并这也是我们与宇宙和平公处的一个准则。
This also means that we believe in life after death. Witches believe they go to The Summerland (which is much like heaven). Most Witches also believe in reincarnation.
也就是说我们相信从生到死的循环，女巫会到达夏之园（类似于天堂）许多女巫也相信轮回的
10. Our only animosity toward Christianity, or toward any other religion or philosophy of life, is...
我们只仇视基督教，或其他的宗教或生命哲学，是说....：
to the extent that these institutions have claimed to be "the one true right and only way" and have sought to deny freedom to others and to suppress other ways of religious practices and belief.
根据协会的制度，“任何真理只有一条”，我们有拒绝的权利，并有为每个人提供事实，让人信服的权利
This means that we feel that it is wrong for another person to condemn a someone on the basis of religion. We think that fundamentalism in any religion is wrong.
意思就是说我们感觉极力否定任何人的宗教信仰都是错误的。
11. We do not feel threatened by debates on the history of the Craft, the origins of various terms, or the legitimacy of various aspects of different traditions.
We concern ourselves with our present and our future, acknowledging that past, present, and future is a matter of individual perception. The Craft encourages historical research and we do not depend on what "they" did, rather we are more concerned about what "we" do.
对我们关心我们的现在与未来，于历史上的针砭，我们不会由于技能、血统、等不同条件或今昔不同的合法地位的承认的限制而感觉受到恐吓。
认可每个人对过去、现在将来的不同理解我们依靠前人的技能寻找更多的好处，但我们更关心自己所能做的是什么，并努力去做
12. We do not accept the concept of "absolute evil"...
我们不接手这样的观念：“绝对的邪恶”......
...nor do we worship any entity known as "Satan" or "The Devil" as defined by Christian tradition. We do not seek power through the suffering of others, nor do we accept the concept that personal benefits can be derived only by denial to another.
我们并不象传统教徒那样崇拜“撒旦”或恶魔，我们 也不会通过让其他人受苦难来获得力量，我们也不接受否认他人而获得自己利益的观念
This means that any person involved in Witchcraft does not involve themselves in smear campaigns, does not intentionally harm others through gossip, and does not blame their own failings on other people or a mythical entity. Witches are responsible for their own actions. Witches believe that people create evil, not some invisible guy you can't see. Satan belongs to the Christian and Jewish religions. Wiccans do not believe that Satan exists.
这个意思是说任何和女巫有关的人并不会被牵涉到我们的活动中，不会通过闲谈故意伤害其他人，并且不会攻击他人的缺点或虚构没有的事实伤害别人。女巫得为他们自己的行为担负责任。女巫相信人类创造邪恶，并且有些是无形的。撒旦属于基督和犹太的宗教，女巫不会信仰撒旦的存在。
13. We work within Nature for that which is contributory to our health and well-being.
我们在自然起的作用是为我们的健康和生机而做出贡献
Not bound by traditions from other times and other cultures we owe no allegiance to any person or power greater than the Divinity manifest through our own being. 。 We welcome and respect all life-affirming teachings and traditions. We seek to learn from all and to share our learning。We do not wish to open ourselves to the destruction of WitchCraft by those on self-serving power trips,or to philosophies and practices contradictory to these principles. In seeking to exclude those whose ways are contradictory to ours, we do not want to deny participation with any person who carries a sincere interest in our knowledge and beliefs, regardless of race, color, sex, age, national or cultural origin, or sexual preference.
我们以自己的形式出现并存在，不受来自其他文化的传统习俗的限制，不效忠任何人或力量.我们欢迎尊敬其他生命形式的教导与惯例。 我们不断学习和寻找、分享我们的知识我们不希望因为开放我们的技能而被那些自私的能力所运用和毁灭， 或由于哲学与实践的相驳而产生对抗/歧异。 我们反对这些并非意味着我们反对对我们的知识体系有兴趣的真诚的朋友分享我们的信仰，无论种族、肤色、性别、年龄、国家、文化或性别取向
This means that Wicca can be for everybody and Wiccans can interact with anyone they choose. It also means that in a training situation, if we feel that an individual is not ready for the type of information we have to offer, we can choose to withdraw the information. We also feel that if someone is being a jerk, we don't have to share what we know.
意思是每个人都可以成为女巫，并且女巫可以影响每人个（成为热和人的选择）。也就是说这有一个练习的形式，如果我们认为一个人不适合这方面的信息我们可以提供其他，我们也可以选择收回这些练习。我们也认为如果某些人性格古怪（还是走火入魔？）我们还是会从他们身上收回我们所知道的。 |
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发表于 2009-4-10 00:25:31
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